Spanish irregular verbs: list of 100 verbs
The 100 most useful Spanish irregular verbs with the present (yo and él/ella), the preterite (yo and él/ella), the past participle and their English meaning. Look them up here, download the list as a free PDF with no sign-up, and practise them with the exercise.
Download the free PDF (100 verbs)Practise Spanish irregular verbs
Review them with flashcards, 10 at a time, or test yourself by typing the present and the preterite for yo. Accents matter in Spanish (hablé, pidió), but if you leave one out the answer still counts and you’ll see the correct spelling.
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The 50 most common Spanish irregular verbs
Start with these: they appear in almost every text from A1 onwards. Many are irregular in only one or two tenses, so look at which column changes.
| Infinitive | Present (yo) | Present (él/ella) | Preterite (yo) | Preterite (él/ella) | Past participle | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ser | soy | es | fui | fue | sido | to be |
| estar | estoy | está | estuve | estuvo | estado | to be (state, location) |
| ir | voy | va | fui | fue | ido | to go |
| tener | tengo | tiene | tuve | tuvo | tenido | to have |
| hacer | hago | hace | hice | hizo | hecho | to do, to make |
| decir | digo | dice | dije | dijo | dicho | to say, to tell |
| poder | puedo | puede | pude | pudo | podido | can, to be able to |
| querer | quiero | quiere | quise | quiso | querido | to want, to love |
| saber | sé | sabe | supe | supo | sabido | to know (a fact) |
| venir | vengo | viene | vine | vino | venido | to come |
| poner | pongo | pone | puse | puso | puesto | to put |
| dar | doy | da | di | dio | dado | to give |
| ver | veo | ve | vi | vio | visto | to see |
| haber | he | ha | hube | hubo | habido | to have (auxiliary) |
| salir | salgo | sale | salí | salió | salido | to go out, to leave |
| traer | traigo | trae | traje | trajo | traído | to bring |
| oír | oigo | oye | oí | oyó | oído | to hear |
| caer | caigo | cae | caí | cayó | caído | to fall |
| conocer | conozco | conoce | conocí | conoció | conocido | to know (be familiar with) |
| conducir | conduzco | conduce | conduje | condujo | conducido | to drive |
| traducir | traduzco | traduce | traduje | tradujo | traducido | to translate |
| andar | ando | anda | anduve | anduvo | andado | to walk |
| pensar | pienso | piensa | pensé | pensó | pensado | to think |
| empezar | empiezo | empieza | empecé | empezó | empezado | to begin |
| cerrar | cierro | cierra | cerré | cerró | cerrado | to close |
| entender | entiendo | entiende | entendí | entendió | entendido | to understand |
| perder | pierdo | pierde | perdí | perdió | perdido | to lose |
| preferir | prefiero | prefiere | preferí | prefirió | preferido | to prefer |
| sentir | siento | siente | sentí | sintió | sentido | to feel |
| dormir | duermo | duerme | dormí | durmió | dormido | to sleep |
| morir | muero | muere | morí | murió | muerto | to die |
| volver | vuelvo | vuelve | volví | volvió | vuelto | to return, to come back |
| encontrar | encuentro | encuentra | encontré | encontró | encontrado | to find |
| contar | cuento | cuenta | conté | contó | contado | to count, to tell |
| recordar | recuerdo | recuerda | recordé | recordó | recordado | to remember |
| jugar | juego | juega | jugué | jugó | jugado | to play |
| pedir | pido | pide | pedí | pidió | pedido | to ask for, to order |
| servir | sirvo | sirve | serví | sirvió | servido | to serve |
| repetir | repito | repite | repetí | repitió | repetido | to repeat |
| seguir | sigo | sigue | seguí | siguió | seguido | to follow, to continue |
| elegir | elijo | elige | elegí | eligió | elegido | to choose |
| vestirse | me visto | se viste | me vestí | se vistió | vestido | to get dressed |
| reír | río | ríe | reí | rio | reído | to laugh |
| escribir | escribo | escribe | escribí | escribió | escrito | to write |
| abrir | abro | abre | abrí | abrió | abierto | to open |
| romper | rompo | rompe | rompí | rompió | roto | to break |
| leer | leo | lee | leí | leyó | leído | to read |
| creer | creo | cree | creí | creyó | creído | to believe |
| parecer | parezco | parece | parecí | pareció | parecido | to seem |
| construir | construyo | construye | construí | construyó | construido | to build |
50 more Spanish irregular verbs
| Infinitive | Present (yo) | Present (él/ella) | Preterite (yo) | Preterite (él/ella) | Past participle | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| agradecer | agradezco | agradece | agradecí | agradeció | agradecido | to thank |
| almorzar | almuerzo | almuerza | almorcé | almorzó | almorzado | to have lunch |
| caber | quepo | cabe | cupe | cupo | cabido | to fit |
| comenzar | comienzo | comienza | comencé | comenzó | comenzado | to begin |
| componer | compongo | compone | compuse | compuso | compuesto | to compose |
| conseguir | consigo | consigue | conseguí | consiguió | conseguido | to get, to achieve |
| contener | contengo | contiene | contuve | contuvo | contenido | to contain |
| convertir | convierto | convierte | convertí | convirtió | convertido | to turn into, to convert |
| corregir | corrijo | corrige | corregí | corrigió | corregido | to correct |
| crecer | crezco | crece | crecí | creció | crecido | to grow |
| cubrir | cubro | cubre | cubrí | cubrió | cubierto | to cover |
| defender | defiendo | defiende | defendí | defendió | defendido | to defend |
| describir | describo | describe | describí | describió | descrito | to describe |
| descubrir | descubro | descubre | descubrí | descubrió | descubierto | to discover |
| deshacer | deshago | deshace | deshice | deshizo | deshecho | to undo, to unpack |
| despedirse | me despido | se despide | me despedí | se despidió | despedido | to say goodbye |
| despertarse | me despierto | se despierta | me desperté | se despertó | despertado | to wake up |
| destruir | destruyo | destruye | destruí | destruyó | destruido | to destroy |
| detener | detengo | detiene | detuve | detuvo | detenido | to stop, to arrest |
| devolver | devuelvo | devuelve | devolví | devolvió | devuelto | to give back, to return |
| distraer | distraigo | distrae | distraje | distrajo | distraído | to distract |
| divertirse | me divierto | se divierte | me divertí | se divirtió | divertido | to have fun |
| encender | enciendo | enciende | encendí | encendió | encendido | to turn on, to light |
| freír | frío | fríe | freí | frio | frito / freído | to fry |
| huir | huyo | huye | hui | huyó | huido | to flee |
| imprimir | imprimo | imprime | imprimí | imprimió | impreso / imprimido | to print |
| incluir | incluyo | incluye | incluí | incluyó | incluido | to include |
| mantener | mantengo | mantiene | mantuve | mantuvo | mantenido | to keep, to maintain |
| medir | mido | mide | medí | midió | medido | to measure |
| mentir | miento | miente | mentí | mintió | mentido | to lie (tell a lie) |
| mostrar | muestro | muestra | mostré | mostró | mostrado | to show |
| mover | muevo | mueve | moví | movió | movido | to move |
| nacer | nazco | nace | nací | nació | nacido | to be born |
| obedecer | obedezco | obedece | obedecí | obedeció | obedecido | to obey |
| obtener | obtengo | obtiene | obtuve | obtuvo | obtenido | to obtain |
| ofrecer | ofrezco | ofrece | ofrecí | ofreció | ofrecido | to offer |
| oler | huelo | huele | olí | olió | olido | to smell |
| prevenir | prevengo | previene | previne | previno | prevenido | to prevent |
| probar | pruebo | prueba | probé | probó | probado | to try, to taste |
| producir | produzco | produce | produje | produjo | producido | to produce |
| proponer | propongo | propone | propuse | propuso | propuesto | to propose |
| reducir | reduzco | reduce | reduje | redujo | reducido | to reduce |
| resolver | resuelvo | resuelve | resolví | resolvió | resuelto | to solve |
| satisfacer | satisfago | satisface | satisfice | satisfizo | satisfecho | to satisfy |
| sentarse | me siento | se sienta | me senté | se sentó | sentado | to sit down |
| sonreír | sonrío | sonríe | sonreí | sonrió | sonreído | to smile |
| soñar | sueño | sueña | soñé | soñó | soñado | to dream |
| suponer | supongo | supone | supuse | supuso | supuesto | to suppose |
| valer | valgo | vale | valí | valió | valido | to be worth, to cost |
| volar | vuelo | vuela | volé | voló | volado | to fly |
See them in context
A list helps you review, but verbs stick when you read them in real sentences. The Spanish A2 readings and B1 readings include stories in the past with audio, questions and the meaning of every word at a tap.
Frequently asked questions
What makes a Spanish verb irregular?
A verb is irregular when its stem or endings don't follow the regular pattern. The main types are stem changes in the present (pienso, duermo, pido), an irregular yo form (tengo, conozco, salgo), an irregular preterite stem (tuve, hice, dije) and an irregular past participle (hecho, dicho, visto).
What are stem-changing verbs?
Verbs like pensar, dormir or pedir change the vowel of the stem (e→ie, o→ue, e→i) in every present form except nosotros and vosotros: pienso, piensas, piensa, pensamos. They are often called boot verbs.
Is it rio or rió?
Since the 2010 spelling rules, one-syllable forms such as rio, frio and hui are written without an accent. You will still see rió in older texts.
Which irregular past participles should I learn first?
Hecho, dicho, visto, puesto, escrito, abierto, vuelto, roto, muerto and cubierto. They appear constantly in the present perfect (he hecho, ha dicho).
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